Perilaku Insecure, Faktor Penyebab, dan Penanganannya  (Studi Kasus Di SMK Kota Makassar)

Muhammad Dzaky Taufik; Abdullah Pandang; M Amirullah; Muhammad Syawal Hikmah

doi:10.26858/ijosc.v5i3.10111

Authors

Muhammad Dzaky Taufik Universitas Negeri Makassar
Abdullah Pandang Universitas Negeri Makassar
M Amirullah Universitas Negeri Makassar
Muhammad Syawal Hikmah Universitas Negeri Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26858/ijosc.v5i3.10111

Keywords:

Insecure Behavior, Body Image, Thought-Stopping, Case Study, Counseling

Abstract

This reserch aims to deeply understand the insecure behavior experienced by a student with the initials MG at SMKN Makassar. The research objectives include: (1) describing the insecure behavior experienced by the research subject; (2) identifying the causal factors and their impacts; and (3) analyzing the application of the Thought stopping technique in helping overcome insecurity in students at one of the SMKN in Makassar city. This study uses a qualitative approach with a clinical case study method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles & Huberman model which includes the stages of data collection, reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that subject MG experienced insecurity about his facial appearance which was shown through behaviors such as always wearing a mask, avoiding crowds, and feeling anxious about other people's comments. The main causative factors came from social pressure and external assessments of his appearance. The impacts that emerged included decreased self-confidence, shame, and difficulty socializing. Handling efforts were carried out through the application of the Thought stopping technique which helped the subject stop negative thoughts and replace them with positive messages to increase self-acceptance and self-confidence

References

Adiningtyas, D. A., Nurhayati, S., & Wulandari, F. (2022). Hubungan antara body image dengan perilaku insecure pada remaja perempuan. Jurnal Psikologi dan Pendidikan, 13(2), 98–107. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v13i2.2022.

Ayub, N., Kimong, P. J., & Ee, G. T. (2020). A Distorted Body Image: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Body. In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Theories and Applications. BoD–Books on Demand.

Behera, N., & Khuntia, S. (2025). Self-esteem, Self-objectification, Appearance Anxiety, Resilience, and Gender: Testing a Moderated Mediational Analysis. The Open Psychology Journal, 18(1).

Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. International Universities Press.

Beck, J. S. (2011). Cognitive therapy for challenging problems: What to do when the basics don’t work. Guilford Press.

Beck, J. S. (2021). Cognitive behavior therapy: Basics and beyond. Guilford Publications.

Ellis, D. J. (2021). Rational emotive behavior therapy. In A. Wenzel (Ed.), Handbook of cognitive behavioral therapy: Overview and approaches (pp. 445–463). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000218-015

Erford, B. T. (2015). 40 Teknik yang Harus Diketahui Setiap Konselor. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity youth and crisis (No. 7). WW Norton & company.

Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7(2), 117–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872675400700202.

Fiantika, F. R., Wasil, M., Jumiyanti, S., Honesti, L., Wahyuni, S., Mouw, E., Jonata., Mahsudi, I., Hasanah, N., Maharani, A., Ambarwati, K., Noflidaputri, R., Nuryami., & Waris, L. (2022). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Sumatera Barat: PT. Global Eksekutif Teknologi.

Joseph, S. A. (2025). The humanistic psychology of Carl Rogers: Understanding the person-centered approach. Oxford University Press.

Greenberg, M. (2015). The 3 Most Common Causes of Insecurity and How to Beat Them. Diakses pada 5 Juli 2024. https://www.psychology today.com/us/blog/the-mindful- self express/201512/the-3-most-common-causes-insecurity-and-how-beat-them.

Harum, A., Aswar, A., Maslina, M., & Hikmah, M. S. (2025). Psychological Profile of Students in South Sulawesi: A Study of Self-Forgiveness and Coping Self-Efficacy. KONSELING EDUKASI" Journal of Guidance and Counseling", 9(2), 280–305.

Higgins, E. T., & Nakkawita, E. (2021). Self-discrepancy and regulatory focus. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.244.

Kaskaya, A., & Cavusoglu, F. (2025). Looking-Glass Self Perceptions of Gifted Students: Understanding Self Through the Eyes of Significant Others. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.15345/iojes.2025.01.004.

Leary, M. R. (1999). The social and psychological bases of self-esteem: Sociometer theory. In M. Kernis (Ed.), Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem (pp. 32–51). Springer.

Lutfiah, S., Komariah, Q., Adzikri, I., & Khairat, I. (2025). Mengelola Pikiran Negatif dengan Teknik Self-Talk, Teknik Reframing dan Thought Stopping. Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum Dan Humaniora, 3(2), 225–234.

Maree, J. G. (2022). The psychosocial development theory of Erik Erikson: critical overview. In The influence of theorists and pioneers on early childhood education. Routledge.

Marlini, R., Rahmawati, E., & Syahputra, A. (2022). Insecure behaviour among high school students and its relation to self-esteem. Jurnal Konseling dan Psikoterapi, 14(3), 201–214. https://doi.org/10.21009/jkp.143.2022.

Neff, K. D. (2011). Self-compassion: The proven power of being kind to yourself. HarperCollins.

Ria, S., Wulandari, N., & Yusuf, H. (2023). Cognitive behavior therapy with thought stopping technique to reduce insecurity among adolescents. Indonesian Journal of Behavioral Counseling, 8(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.21009/ijbc.812023.

Rubin, K. H., & Chronis-Tuscano, A. (2021). Perspectives on social withdrawal in childhood: Past, present, and prospects. Child Development Perspectives, 15(3), 160–167. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12417.

Sari, Y. N,, & Sutanti, T. (2023). Konseling Kelompok Teknik Dispute Cognitive Untuk Mereduksi Insecurity Pada Remaja. Prosiding Seminar Antar Bangsa, 3, 1746.

Schunk, D. H. (2023). Self-regulation of self-efficacy and attributions in academic settings. In Self-regulation of learning and performance (pp. 75–99). Routledge.

Sharma, A., Rushton, K., Lin, I., Wadden, D., Lucas, K., Miner, A., Nguyen, T., & Althoff, T. (2023). Cognitive reframing of negative thoughts through human-language model interaction. Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 9977–10000.

Sowmya, D. S., & Anokha, V. (2025). Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. In Coaching in Communication Research (pp. 117–140). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.

Syam, M. A. (2019). Analisis Perilaku Bullying dan Penanganannya (Studi Kasus Salah Seorang Pelaku Bullying di SMP Negeri 4 Sendana). Skripsi. Makassar: Universitas Negeri Makassar. Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan.

Valentina, M., Hidayat, A., & Wibowo, S. (2022). Social anxiety and insecure attachment among adolescents: The mediating role of self-esteem. Journal of Adolescent Psychology, 9(2), 67–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/jap.2022.002.